In March 2020 the U.S. equity market is suffering large losses. This is primarily due to COVID-19, which probably also caused a drop in the shale oil price. US market indices are fluctuating this month much more than any time in history. In this short note, we are using two high frequency market...

Liquidity is one of the crucial factors in economy which reflects smooth operation of the markets. In a liquid market, traders are able to transact large quantities of security quickly with minimal trading cost and price impact. Many researchers have investigated the relationship between market...