We analyze the earnings information and stock prices of S&P500 firms and find that investors following S&P500 stocks (i) respond more to pro forma earnings than to GAAP earnings, (ii) respond to an emphasis on pro forma earnings, and (iii) are fixated on pro forma earnings. We provide the first...

We propose a tone-based event study to reveal the aggregate abnormal tone dynamics in media articles around earnings announcements. We test whether they convey incremental information that is useful for price discovery for non financial S&P 500 firms. The positive relationship found between the...

On September 20, 2016, the Japan Securities Dealers Association implemented guidelines that prohibited securities sell-side analysts to obtain an earnings preview before the earnings' official release. We examine the unique impact of the guidelines on market behavior and analyst forecasts in the...

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the predictability of earnings information before the quarterly disclosure date. Two categories of firms are contrasted: the firms that announce better quarterly earnings than the prior period and the firms that do not. The paper uses a sample of 67...