.S. But we argue that outside investors in European listed firms with controlling shareholders are poorly protected compared … shareholders rather than shielding passive investors, is not well suited for controlled, listed firms. This approach translates … into a lack of definition and development of specific fiduciary duties of the controlling shareholders towards market …

This Article explores the creation and conundrum of citizen shareholders - investors who enter the securities market …-term goals like retirement. Citizen shareholders are a consequence of a retirement revolution, and are the fastest growing group … of investors. Citizen shareholders are distinguishable from other shareholders on the grounds of choice, exit, and the …

minority equity stakes and do not seek direct control. As a result, activists must win support from fellow shareholders via … shareholders, other stakeholders, and the capital market as a whole. Opponents of hedge fund activism argue that activists focus …

to an influential argument, activist shareholders can offer a solution by supplying large investment managers with … shareholders – have different visions of stewardship with little scope for interactions. For large investment managers, general …

This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the role of blockholders (large shareholders) in …