reduces the incentives to exert effort in R&D activities. Then, drawing on the signaling role of patents highlighted by the … patentability standards at PTOs (Patent and Trademark Offices awarding so-called bad patents), not only "false innovators" have the … chance of being granted patents but also, and more interestingly, "true innovators" are forced to patent more intensively …

We present a model of process innovation that offers an explanation for the negative relationship between patent …'s reliance on damages. This, in turn, can reduce the innovator's incentives to pursue R&D because the compensation is not … directly linked to the size of the innovation. These findings have an important policy implication: when the equilibrium …

Economic theory views patents as policy instruments aimed at fostering innovation and diffusion. Three major … implications are drawn regarding current policy debates. First, patents may not be the most effective means of protection for … requirements, such as novelty or non-obviousness, should be sufficiently stringent to avoid the grant of patents for inventions …

describes incentives to enter technology areas characterized by varying technological opportunity, complexity of technology, and …

patents, then makes the technology freely available. This system would produce economically efficient incentives for the …The patent system encourages innovation by giving inventors temporary monopoly rights over their inventions and the … development of complements and substitutes while preserving inventors' incentives to innovate. While this approach is not suitable …

protection is core to innovation in the pharmaceutical industry, but patent waivers may be a necessary tool in certain situations …