incentives to suggest management implications directed to support motivation and performance of employees in public organizations …

as a wage determinant. We furthermore show that a promotion affects both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation significantly …, though in two different ways: An expected promotion increases extrinsic motivation whereas intrinsic motivation is highest … subsequent to a realized promotion. The relationship between extrinsic motivation and expected promotions implies that promotions …

that choosing a manager who has a preference to spend resources for social causes can increase employee motivation. In turn …, ex-post losses in shareholder value may be offset by ex-ante gains in performance through higher employee motivation. …

rewards to performance increases effort, but that they can also backfire, reducing effort. Intrinsic motivation, the internal …. If the incentives crowd-out intrinsic motivation, and the effect is large enough, the net motivational effect on effort …, is one facet of intrinsic motivation, triggered by the combination of high-powered incentives and egoistic principal …