Many nations have undergone significant trade liberalization in the last twenty years even as they have increased their use of contingent protection measures. This raises the question of whether some of the trade liberalization efforts, at times accomplished through painful reforms, have been...

Foreign firms face punitive antidumping duties if they do not cooperate with the US Department of Commerce (DOC). For example, 37% of all foreign firms involved in antidumping investigations in the US chose faced quot;facts availablequot; margins for the 1995-2002 period, with average...

Under the rules of the WTO, governments are prohibited from negotiating voluntary export restraints (VERs) but may negotiate price undertakings (i.e. import price minima). While these two policies can have identical effects in models of perfect competition, they can have very different economic...

Some supporters of antidumping have argued that this procedure serves as a kind of safety valve for protectionist pressure. This paper examines whether there is any empirical evidence that the use of antidumping actions has contributed to tariff reductions in a sample of 35 developing and...

This article examines the relationship between antidumping duties and strategic industrial policy. We argue that the dynamic between the two instruments is more complex and elaborate than that offered by the conventional account. We use the recent China-X-Ray Equipment dispute as a case study to...

Foreign firms accused of dumping in the WTO system may face punitive duties if they do not cooperate with domestic investigative authorities. These punitive tariffs are typically based on domestic firms' allegations - so-called quot;facts availablequot; dumping margins. This paper analyzes a...