2019 was the year of large-scale scientific reports on competition policy in the digital era.In January 2020, the German government translated these preparatory works into action and published the first fully-fledged legislative proposal for reforming competition law, tellingly dubbed the...

A recently published study by the author addressed the remedies imposed in the European Commission’s (the “Commission”) Google Search (Shopping) antitrust decision of 2017. The study ‘Google’s (Non-) Compliance with the EU Shopping Decision,’ considered the measures that Google...

On 6 February 2019, the German Bundeskartellamt (Federal Cartel Office – “FCO”) found that Facebook abused its dominance by improperly combining user data that it collected from various sources. As a remedy, the FCO imposed far-reaching restrictions on Facebook’s processing of user data,...