This paper seeks to determine the impact of the changing lives of women – increased labor force participation …/earnings and reduced marriage rates – on Social Security replacement rates. First, our estimates, based on the Health and … tercile. Decomposing the reasons for the overall decline shows that increases in the labor supply and earnings of women …

find that a small portion of women delay their retirement whereas the rest substitute into alternative social security …

highly educated women substituted work for time devoted to housework and childcare, while less educated wives substituted … women with higher education suggests that the difference between them and less educated wives in the response to reduced …