A functionalist perspective on status suggests that the norm of expressing status-consistent emotions simplifies interactions within groups and aids group functioning. Group members respond to this norm by rewarding status-consistent, and punishing status-inconsistent emotional expressions....

Two experiments examined the psychological and biological antecedents of hierarchical differentiation and the resulting consequences for productivity and conflict within small groups. In Experiment 1, which used a priming manipulation, hierarchically differentiated groups (i.e., groups...