India has the world's biggest and arguably most aggressive employment-based affirmative action policy for minorities …. This paper exploits the institutional features of a federally mandated employment quota policy to examine its causal impact … that a 1-percentage point increase in the employment quota for Scheduled Castes increases the likelihood of obtaining a …

, household employment (a concept introduced in this chapter) and social spending in European welfare states. The chapter provides … a first exploration of a central theme of the book, which relates to employment-centered welfare reform: is it possible … to structurally replace spending on cash benefits for working-age adults and their families with employment creation and …

This paper analyses the phenomenon of jobless growth in India and the US through the lens of employment elasticity …. Analytical results are derived for decompositions of both the level and change of aggregate employment elasticity in terms of … sectoral elasticities, relative growth and employment shares. Estimates of these decompositions are presented with employment …