Mass incarceration and the problems of prisoner reentry -- The labor market consequences of incarceration -- Measuring the labor market consequences of incarceration -- The mark of a criminal record -- The mark of race -- Two strikes and you're out : the intensification of racial and criminal...

The first fruits of freedom -- Into the new century -- Great war, great migration -- Race and labor in depression and war -- Race and labor in the postwar world -- Affirmative action and labor action -- Back to the future

Coming to work in the city -- A job for a working man -- Dredging and drudgery -- A job for a working woman -- The living wage -- The hard work of being poor -- The consequence of failure -- The market's grasp

From 1940 to 1970, nearly four million black migrants left the American rural South to settle in the industrial cities of the North and West. Competition in the Promised Land provides a comprehensive account of the long-lasting effects of the influx of black workers on labor markets and urban...