Introduction: rewriting the rules of racial inequality -- American politics and economic outcomes for African Americans: a brief historical overview -- Stratification economics: a general theory of intergroup inequality -- Creating structural changes: the role of targeted universalism -- The...

Mass incarceration and the problems of prisoner reentry -- The labor market consequences of incarceration -- Measuring the labor market consequences of incarceration -- The mark of a criminal record -- The mark of race -- Two strikes and you're out : the intensification of racial and criminal...