It is a challenge for politics that an aging population leads to demands that the retirement age is increasing while … the labour market. However, the regulations have become more restrictive in the last decade and early retirement usually … leads to a lower pension. In this article, we map options for early retirement in other countries. We have found five main …

Background: The pension deficit has been rapidly enlarging for more than a decade. If the retirement age is set at a … old in last ten years, the feasibility of rising the retirement age has also been promoted. Methods: This paper aims to … construct a mathematical model for choosing a proper policy about raising retirement age on the basis of the interaction between …

changes in employment and long-term unemployment, early retirement as well as relative wages by age for Germany in the period …The paper describes labor market developments for older workers in Germany in recent years. It provides a a summary of … the main changes in labor market and pension policies in Germany which might have contributed to these developments. The …

, the probability of working after normal retirement age is positively related to living with a spouse only, being healthy … elderly people. We also show that working beyond the normal retirement age has a much stronger negative association with … earnings in urban China than in urban Russia. This is consistent with the facts that the normal retirement age is strictly …

countries, the probability of working after normal retirement age is positively related to living with a spouse only, being … status and the age distribution among elderly people. We also demonstrate that working beyond the normal retirement age has a … that the normal retirement age is strictly enforced in urban China and seniors attempting to work face intensive …