The German economy is only gradually regaining momentum after the Covid-19-related slump. Although production bottomed out in April and should quickly make up some of the losses with the easing of the lockdown beginning in May, full recovery from the crisis will take some time. One reason is...

This paper estimates a series of shocks to hit the US economy during the Great Depression, using a New Keynesian model with unemployment and bargaining frictions. Shocks to long-run inflation expectations appear to account for much of the cyclical behavior of employment, while an increase in...