at risk in the euro area and in the United States. We model the asymmetry of the shocks to changes in the unemployment … rate as a function of real activity and financial risk factors. We find that the conditional distribution of the changes in … risk defined as the possible joint event of large increases in the unemployment rate and large annual rates of inflation …

This paper uses annual data drawn from the GSOEP to estimate individual earnings risk (labor market risk) in Germany … been rising in West Germany in the 1990s and have remained at elevated levels in the 2000s. In contrast, labor market risk … of the observed rise in the permanent component of earnings risk in West Germany are substantial. We argue that the time …

particularly in Germany. -- crossnational comparison ; fertility ; first birth ; occupational uncertainty ; occupational …