participation and creating worker shortages in high-demand industries. In this context, immigration will help reduce costs in key … inequality. Reforms should therefore modestly increase overall immigration over time, while shifting its composition somewhat … toward more-skilled and labor-market-driven migrants. These reforms should occur within the broader context of "comprehensive …

and/or in education. For comparison we have followed groups of immigrants by their reason for immigration, like refugees … immigrants' reason for immigration. Immigrants who remain outside of employment and/or education is mostly to be found among … refugees, family-immigrants and immigrants with unspecified reason for immigration, while education- and labor-immigrants and …

Immigration is one of the most important policy debates in Western countries. However, one aspect of the debate is … often mischaracterized by accusations that higher levels of immigration lead to higher levels of crime. The evidence, based … on empirical studies of many countries, indicates that there is no simple link between immigration and crime, but …

Public debate on immigration focuses on its effects on wages and employment, yet the discussion typically fails to … consider the effects of immigration on working conditions that affect workers' health. There is growing evidence that …. Recent studies show that as immigration rises, native workers are pushed into less demanding jobs. Such market adjustments …