This paper analyzes the effects of recent Venezuelan immigration to Colombia on the fiscal balance, the labor market … generates a negative effect on wages and an increase in the unemployment rate--and skilled workers, who benefit from higher … wages and lower unemployment. These changes in the labor market affect the government's revenue, resulting, in the long term …

"We use a panel of manufacturing plants from Colombia to analyze how the rise in payroll tax rates over the 1980s and … taxes and the presence of downward wage rigidities in Colombia. Because the costs of taxation are only partly shifted from …