This chapter focuses on maintaining employment in the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is crucial for the functioning of the economy. However, in an economic crisis, the changes in the area of employment of workers often become the foremost way of adapting to declining...

Das Bundeskabinett hat am 01.08.2018 das Pflegepersonal-Stärkungsgesetz beschlossen. Unter anderem ist darin die Einstellung von 13.000 zusätzlichen Pflegefachkräften vorgesehen. Angesichts der derzeitigen Mangelsituation in diesem Berufsfeld bestehen starke Zweifel, ob diese Stellen adäquat...

Based on the current European discussion about immigration policy, this paper gives an overview of central economic consequences of immigration for a host country?s labor market. The most important theoretical arguments are presented and evaluated against the available empirical evidence. The...

This paper reviews and analyzes the effects of Canada?s post World War II immigration policies with the perspective of what European policy makers can learn from this experience. Impact of Immigration on natives? employment and earnings, as well as, immigrants? labor market experiences are...

A history of the New Zealand immigration experience and policy is reviewed in this paper. Data from the 1981 and 1996 New Zealand Censuses are used to illustrate changes in the characteristics of immigrants, as well as labor outcomes. The decline in the income of recent immigrants over the...

This paper assesses the employment and earnings trajectories of refugee and family reunion category immigrants in Canada and Sweden using two national level sources of data. The Canadian Immigration Database (IMDB) is a file that links the intake record of post 1979 immigrants with annual...

Der deutsche Arbeitsmarkt steuert aufgrund der demografischen Entwicklung zukünftig auf größere Fachkräfte- und Arbeitskräfteengpässe zu. Deshalb wird über Parteigrenzen hinweg neben der Stärkung der inländischen Erwerbsbeteiligung auch mehr Einwanderung insbesondere aus Drittstaaten...

This paper analyzes whether citizenship acquisition affects the labor market performance of immigrants in Germany. Up to the present, there is no empirical evidence about this question for Germany. Theoretically, naturalization can increase the productivity by enabling unrestricted access to the...

A growing body of programme evaluation literature recognises immigrants as a disadvantaged group on European labour markets and investigates the employment effects of Active Labour Market Pro-grammes (ALMPs) on this subgroup. Using a meta-analysis, we condense 93 estimates from 33 empir-ical...

The goal of the paper is to provide viewpoints to labour mobility development in the Western Balkans and in Macedonia in particular, since it would be one of the advantages of joining the European Union. The EU integration process of the Western Balkans opens up new dimensions for labour...