Long-term unemployment more than doubled during the UK’s Great Recession. Only a small fraction of this persistent … increase can be accounted for by the changing composition of unemployment across personal and work history characteristics … participation flows can account for over two-thirds of the high level of long-term unemployment following the financial crisis …

development economics: the expansion of firms' export destinations across space and time (chapter 1), the extension of structural … gravity models for developed countries to include unemployment (chapter 2) and for Latin American and Caribbean developing … migration and trade and their effects on unemployment (chapter 5), and the dynamics of democracy and income chapter 6). …