We estimate the effects of drug-related violence on individual labor market outcomes in a transit country. Transit … from drug trafficking activities. We implement a Bartik-type instrumental variables strategy which assumes that violence in … results show that drug-related violence has negative effects on extensive and intensive margin labor market outcomes for …

by an intersectional perspective, we consider overlapping effects across gender, race, and wage levels. We exploit Brazil …This article investigates how trade liberalization affects gender and racial pay inequalities in the short run. Guided … the wage distribution, we find that liberalization reduced racial and gender discrimination at low wages, which mitigated …

gender wage gaps among Regular Wage/Salaried (RWS) workers in India, both at the mean, as well as along the entire wage … distribution to see "what happens where". The gender log wage gap at the mean is 55 percent in 1999-2000 and 49 percent in 2009 … that, in both years, the bulk of the gender wage gap is unexplained, i.e. possibly discriminatory. They also reveal that …