This paper exploits variation in timing and outcomes of employment discrimination lawsuits against US law enforcement agencies to estimate the cumulative employment effects of temporary, externally-imposed affirmative action (AA). To estimate persistent effects, we focus on AA termination, but...

Recent research documents that while men are eager to compete, women often shy away from competitive environments. A consequence is that few women enter and win competitions. Using experimental methods we examine how affirmative action affects competitive entry. We find that when women are...

Recent research documents that while men are eager to compete, women often shy away from competitive environments. A consequence is that few women enter and win competitions. Using experimental methods we examine how affirmative action affects competitive entry. We find that when women are...