. Previous studies have illustrated its high effectiveness to help participants escaping unemployment and improving their labor … start-ups out of unemployment with regular business founders, with respect to not only personal characteristics but also … survival, but lag behind regular business founders in terms of income, business growth and innovation. Moreover, we show that …

survival rates and little contribution to job creation, economic growth, and innovation. In this paper, we use a rich data set … who started from non-unemployment and did not receive the subsidy. The data allows us to analyze their business … and job creation, but especially also in innovation activities. The gaps in these business outcomes are relatively …

regained through more policy attention toward innovation and its underlying research and development (R&D), accompanied by more …

employment is regained by more policy attention toward innovation and its underlying research and development (R&D), accompanied …