unemployment insurance, and active labor market policies. This model has coped with the Great Recession and the Covid-19 pandemic …, avoiding large increases in long-term and structural unemployment. The recovery from Covid-19 alongside re-openings has been … responded-with some lag-to unemployment. …

are that policy has effects on the stochastic behavior of key variables - measures that reduce unemployment also reduce … its persistence and increase the volatility of vacancies. Hiring subsidies and unemployment benefits have substantial …

, generous unemployment insurance, and active labor market policies. Despite a sharp and prolonged decline in employment in the … unemployment. Most unemployment spells were short, muting the effects on long-term and youth unemployment. Recent reforms boosted …

, generous unemployment insurance, and active labor market policies. Despite a sharp and prolonged decline in employment in the … unemployment from increasing. While many have been affected by unemployment, most unemployment spells have been short, which has … muted the effects on long-term and youth unemployment. Recent years have seen a sequence of reforms to boost labor supply …

unemployment and output fluctuations. The central question is whether short-time work saves jobs in recessions. In our baseline … scenario the rule based component of short-time work (i.e., due to the existence of the institution) stabilizes unemployment …-time work interventions (i.e., rule changes) do not have any statistically significant effect on unemployment. These effects are …