the transitions from unemployment to employment and between different types of employment. Using individual-level panel … attending training courses while unemployed on individuals' yearly ratio of unemployment. In addition to this, we explore … small but still significantly positive effect of training in reducing post-training unemployment events. For employed …

"Throughout the postwar era until 1995 labor productivity grew faster in Europe than in the United States. Since 1995 …, productivity growth in the EU-15 has slowed while that in the United States has accelerated. But Europe's productivity growth … between the EU and US going back to 1980. This paper is about the strong negative tradeoff between productivity and employment …