This report evaluates ‘under-declared employment', which is the practice where a formal employer pays a formal employee an official declared wage but also an additional undeclared (envelope) wage in order to evade the full social insurance and tax liabilities owed. The aim is to evaluate the...

This paper documents and analyses gross job flows and their determinants in Estonia over the years 1995-2001, using a unique database from the Estonian Business Registry. This database contains all (including also micro and small firms) officially registered firms in Estonia, the total number...

This paper provides a critical overview and a detailed research agenda for scholars interested in regional studies with a special focus on old and new European Union member states. The focus is on the microeconomic foundations of structural change and its spatially asymmetric impact on labour...

Changes in economic systems provide a rare opportunity to redesign basic institutional structures in labor markets. This paper attempts to provide guidance for such institutional choice by drawing on the findings of recent labor market research in market economies on the links between...

This paper evaluates critically the neo-liberal perspective which contends that informal employment results from high taxes, public sector corruption and too much state interference in the free market and that the consequent remedy is to reduce taxes, public sector corruption and the regulatory...

A sharp rise in unemployment and a sharp rise in mortality have been two recurrent aspects of the process of transition. In response to the unemployment challenge transitional economies have equipped themselves with Labour Market Policies (LMPs) derived from market economies' experiences. This...

Employment protection legislation in Croatia is among the most strict in Europe. Dismissals are difficult and costly, and flexible forms of employment are limited. Is this apparent rigidity reflected - as one would expect based on standard economic theory - in low labor market dynamics? Is job...

The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically the extent to which the conventional eradication approach towards undeclared work has been transcended and replaced by an approach which seeks to shift undeclared work into the declared economy. Reporting the results of a 2010 survey of 104 senior...

Although tackling informal employment is being accorded ever greater priority by governments across the western world, critical reviews of how public policy is addressing this issue are notable by their absence. This paper begins to bridge this gap. Providing a typology of the various public...