In this paper, the relationship between high-speed rail (HSR) and agglomeration economy in the scope of specialization … and diversity is investigated. The main objective is to answer two questions: first, to determine whether specialization … or diversity promotes economic productivity, and second, to determine whether HSR promotes specialization or diversity …

Recent empirical work has shown that there exists a negative relation between wages and unemployment estimated across …. In setting wages firms perceive their influenae on the wage-unemployment trade-off, thus taking the employment decisions … specialised labour, workers receive higher wages and face lower unemployment. …

The question whether agglomeration externalities arise either from specialization or diversification of economic … the specialization of skills has a positive effect on the level on new firm entry in all sectors. In contrast to this, our … results for Germany reveal exactly the opposite effect. These results suggest that both specialization and diversity theories …

dramatic turn. The economy as a whole and all the Spanish regions were strongly affected -unemployment, negative growth rates … divergence pattern using the regional productive specialization, the changes in productive structures and their effects in terms …

-level analysis, however, shows substantial heterogeneity across fields highlighting the role of smart specialization and in …

We investigate the relationship between high-speed rail (HSR) and agglomeration economy in the scope of specialization … and diversity to answer two questions: first, to determine whether specialization or diversity promotes economic … productivity, and second, to determine whether HSR promotes specialization or diversity. Specialization/diversity agglomeration …

to cities developing a pattern of sectoral specialization, and the latter a pattern of functional specialization. This … predictions of the model are consistent with changes in the pattern of specialization in the US over recent decades. The model … insights, including that, as costs of remote sourcing fall, cities’ functional specialization tends to increase and their …