This paper is the first attempt to investigate the causal relationship between military spending, terrorism, and … intensity of terrorism in Pakistan, by applying ARDL approach to cointegration and VECM Granger-causality analysis. The results … indicate that terrorism intensity, rather than the number of terrorist incidents, is the major determinant of military spending …

We study the 420 US drone strikes in Pakistan from 2006-2016, isolating causal effects on terrorism, anti-US sentiment …, and radicalization via an instrumental variable strategy based on wind. Drone strikes are suggested to encourage terrorism …