This paper culminates the work undertaken in a larger study on income and labor force status commissioned by USAID in 1995. It explores populations at risk in Eastern Europe, and attempts to address three questions: Who are the poor? How much protection do these people receive from the social...

In line with previous research, we confirm that welfare programs in Hungary are poorly targeted in terms of socio-economic status (SES). However, by adding age to our models, we demonstrate that even if the status is irrelevant in explaining access to social benefits and services, age is not....