Botswana's welfare state is both a parsimonious laggard in comparison with some other middle-income countries in Africa … (such as Mauritius and South Africa) and extensive (in comparison with its low-income neighbours to the north and east … contract - to those of its neighbours in Southern Africa. It is the result of the specific character of poverty in Botswana and …

dependency, identifiable by region and demographic. Using a flow analysis (inflow and outflow) of poverty, rather than a stock … analysis, we explain why poverty is more appropriately understood as a dynamic, with the majority of people flowing in and out … of poverty for short durations. Distinguishing between structural and transitory poverty gives rise to a focus on the …

This paper presents an analysis of the recent evolution of social assistance in the developing world, looking at its …. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and …