of reducing poverty and hunger. Thus, the overall objective of this study is to support the applied empowerment research … requirements and to scientific findings from empowerment research, farmer organizations (FO) could become one of the innovative key … actors, increasing the competitiveness of their members SMEs’ and reducing poverty, its impacts and its costs. The aim of …

devastating consequences on the household economic status that would push them into extreme poverty. Using nationally … representative surveys from three Arab countries, namely, Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine, this paper examines the incidence, intensity … and distribution of catastrophic health payments, and assesses the poverty impact of out-of-pocket health payments (OOP …