reinforcement of physician liability for off-label use may be the preferred instrument for achieving dynamic efficiency. The … liability threat reduces the demand for off-label use, giving manufacturers an appropriate incentive to invest in extended … approval. By contrast, patent prolongation does not affect physicians' prescription decisions and increases the likelihood of …

payments to physicians: medical and industry groups adopted voluntary codes, federal agencies published advisory guidelines … companies think twice before lavishing gifts and payments on physicians, which in turn would help to ensure that those “learned …

In many healthcare markets, physicians can influence the volume (volume response) and the composition of the services … regulated at the federal level. Dispensing creates financial incentives for physicians to sell more drugs and to substitute …

physicians' services. As a part of the reform, co-payments for prescription drugs were increased step up to 200%. However … for physicians' services of the treated, those subject to increased co-payments, can be assessed. The differences …

We analyze whether the possibility for physicians to dispense drugs increases health care expenditures due to the … dispensing is permitted, physicians produce significantly higher drug costs in the order of 30% per patient. …

This paper examines how physicians in China respond to a pay-for-performance scheme that mismeasures performance. In … to decrease drug expenditure. Using a unique patient-level data from a large Chinese hospital, I find that physicians … inducement hypothesis as physicians in China may receive under-the-counter commission for prescribing certain drugs. I also find …

Physicians' relationships with the pharmaceutical industry have recently come under public scrutiny, particularly in … indicate that both the number and the dollar- value of marketing visits increase physicians' patented opioid claims …

drive more and more physicians out of the system, it's time for Congress to allow private contracting to play a … nonparticipating physicians, expand the scope of Medigap coverage to include services not covered by Medicare, and liberalize the rules … for opt-out physicians …

in hospital treatment and heterogeneity in the physicians' adherence to hospital choices. Our results suggest that …