After the abolition of slavery in the Indian Ocean and Africa, the world of labor remained unequal, exploitative, and … the evolution of labor relationships on the Indian subcontinent, the Indian Ocean and Africa, with case studies on Assam …

"Slavery and Bonded Labor in Asia, 1250-1900 is the first collection of studies to focus on slavery and related forms … of labor throughout Asia. The 15 chapters by an international group of scholars assess the current state of Asian slavery … reconstructing the history of slavery and bonded labor in Asia and, by extension, elsewhere on the globe. Individual chapters examine …

but positive in Africa. We suggest that amongst reasons why African women behave differently are that the conventional … non-employment. In Africa, there is a decline in paid employment which overwhelms the rise in self-employment and this is …