The Probability of Informed Trading (PIN) is a widely used indicator of information asymmetry risk in the trading of securities. Its estimation using maximum likelihood algorithms has been shown to be problematic, resulting in biased estimates, especially in the case of liquid and frequently...

We propose the Volume Coefficient of Variation (VCV), the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of trading volume, as a new and easily computable measure of information asymmetry in security markets. We use a microstructure model to demonstrate that VCV is strictly increasing in the...

We propose the Volume Coefficient of Variation (VCV), the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of trading volume, as a new and easily computable measure of information asymmetry in security markets. We use a simple microstructure model to demonstrate that VCV is strictly increasing in the...

We meticulously scrutinize the widely acknowledged measures of the Probability of Informed Trading (PIN) and the Volume-Synchronized Probability of Informed Trading (VPIN), initially posited by David Easley et al., which have achieved considerable eminence within the realm of financial academia....

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the R package InfoTrad for estimating the proba- bility of informed trading (PIN) initially proposed by Easley et al. (1996). PIN is a popular information asymmetry measure that proxies the proportion of informed traders in the market. This study...

We study economies with multiple assets that are valued both for their return and liquidity. Exchange occurs in decentralized markets with frictions making a medium of exchange essential. Some assets are better suited for this role because they are more liquid - more likely to be accepted in...

Governance characteristics are potentially a proxy for information asymmetry that may be better captured by the market liquidity of a company's shares. Although liquidity has been established as a risk factor in the asset-pricing paradigm, there is still an ongoing debate as to whether...