In Kenya a significant part of the population faces food insecurity. Since fertilizers are noted for having positive impacts on agricultural productivity and on alleviating hunger, their use should be encouraged. There are no manufacturing plants in the country, meaning Kenya relies heavily on...

Using data on Chinese large-scale overseas investment and project contracts by sector, we analyze whether Chinese outward activity (COA) before the crisis worsened or alleviated the contractionary phases in developing countries. We find that, on average, COA did not increase vulnerability to the...