The low quality of human capital leads to the “big but not strong” producer services, which hinders the realization of high-quality economic development in China. Using the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and RESSET enterprise data for the period 2000-2019, this paper measures the human...

This article considers issues arising from ‘system-internal' reform proposals — proposals which aim to (partly) address investment law's legitimacy crisis by influencing changes in arbitral reasoning so that investment arbitration is undertaken in more acceptable ways. The key techniques for...

A new indicator of profitableness (DIRR) of the investor and recipient of the investment project is proposed, which is a generalization and development of the concept of internal rate of return (IRR). It is formed in the form of the sum of the cost of the participant's capital and the project's...