the pharmaceutical industry. In this proposed theoretical and empirical work, innovation from the North, followed by … oligopolistic market induced by vertical innovation, tighter IPRs may hurt both economies; while in a monopolistic competition … market induced by horizontal innovation, tighter IPRs may benefit both economies as long as the degree of IPR protection is …

that it provides them with respect to exhaustion policies and the use of compulsory licensing—be reconciled with existing …

In this paper, we extend the growth model to include firm-specific technology capital and use it to assess the gains … from opening to foreign direct investment. A firm's technology capital is its unique know-how from investing in research … and development, brands, and organization capital. Technology capital is distinguished from other forms of capital in that …

), technology-seeking (TS), and/or market-seeking (MS) - do the MNE employ? and (3) What are the typical patterns in pursuing … R&D investors and their patenting activity, we find that about one-fifth focus their patent-relevant R&D activity in …&D locations is no reason for concern regarding the perceived hollowing-out of the national innovation systems. Indeed, since the …

We present a class of dynamic general-equilibrium models of education, innovation and technology transfer to explain … according to stochastic processes of innovation, imitation and technology adaption in the global economy. …. Innovation and human-capital accumulation appear as in-line engines of scale-invariant endogenous growth. Industries evolve …

, technology, skills, natural resources and markets in improving their efficiency. The present paper focuses on motivating factors …