The case of China seems to present a counterexample to the literature on economic institutions as its private enterprises have achieved spectacular growth despite poor protection of private properties and difficulties in accessing external finance. In this study, we address this apparent puzzle...

Existing studies have often failed to find positive impacts of horizontal FDI on domestic firms. We argue that the two effects underpinning the impacts of horizontal FDI (i.e., the positive spillover effect and the negative competition effect) have different degrees of attenuation with distance....