foreign direct investment (FDI) affects firm productivity, when productivity is endogeneous as a function of training. The … main result of our paper is that, with endogeneous productivity, exporting results in lower productivity than does FDI, but … training, higher wages and higher productivity than does production for the home market. A further interesting and unexpected …

the extent to which the interaction between FDI and private sector enterprises can enhance their productivity and … competitiveness in domestic markets. In doing so, this study underlines the conditional factors and challenges of productivity …