Turbo-Certificates are one of the most popular structured equity products for private investors in Germany. They can be regarded as special forms of barrier options. The relation between the barrier level and the strike price is especially important for the design of these products. By using a...

This paper considers a simple model of credit risk and derives the limit distribution of losses under different assumptions regarding the structure of systematic and idiosyncratic risks and the nature of firm heterogeneity. The theoretical results obtained indicate that if firm-specific risk...

We consider a stochastic volatility model of the mean-reverting type to describe the evolution of a firm’s values instead of the classical approach by Merton with geometric Brownian motions. We develop an analytical expression for the default probability. Our simulation results indicate that...

In this paper, we investigate the price performance of outstanding CoCos after a new CoCo issue is announced by the same issuer. Contingent Convertible bonds or CoCo bonds are new hybrid capital instruments that have a loss absorbing capacity which is enforced either automatically via the...

We present a novel empirical benchmark for analyzing credit risk using “pseudo firms” that purchase traded assets financed with equity and zero-coupon bonds. By no-arbitrage, pseudo bonds are equivalent to Treasuries minus put options on pseudo-firm assets. Empirically, like corporate...

In this work we introduce the notion of implied Core Equity Tier 1 volatility and the concept of a risk-adjusted distance to trigger. Using a derivatives-based valuation approach, we are able to derive the implied CET1 volatility from the market price of a CoCo bond in a Black-Scholes setting....

Stronger volatility skew and smile effects accompanied by a risk-neutral distribution that is closer to the Normal seem unconventional at first thought. But that is what we find during the financial crisis, with the unconventionally high risk-neutral volatility level playing a major role....

An option market maker incurs funding costs when carrying and hedging inventory. To hedge a net long delta inventory, for example, she pays a fee to borrow stock from the security lending market. Because of haircuts, she posts additional cash margin to the lender which needs to be financed at...

Contingent Convertibles ("CoCos") are contingent capital instruments which convert into shares, or have a principal write down, if a trigger event takes place. CoCos exhibit the undesirable so-called "death-spiral effect": by actively hedging the equity risk, investors can (unintentionally)...

The study conducts an empirical test on dollar-denominated sovereign credit spreads in emerging markets, including Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, the Philippines, the Russian Federation, and Turkey to examine their relationship with each country's exchange rate and the United States (US) Treasury...