This study uses text analysis to extract stable supplier information from company annual reports and discusses its impact on the real earnings management strategies used during a private placement period. The results show that companies with stable suppliers conducted more downward real earnings...

The literature on strategic alliances generally suggests that such alliances create benefits for the firms involved. However, these studies primarily focus on seasoned firms. Leveraging the availability of three years of pre-IPO data for Chinese firms, we examine the impact of customer strategic...

Leveraging the required disclosure of three-year before initial public offering (IPO) data in Chinese IPO firms, we examine the real earnings management (REM) around IPOs with specific reference to IPO firms with and without a customer strategic alliance (CSA) relationship before IPO. Using a...

We examine the impact of internationalization on IPO underpricing in China. Our findings, which suggest that internationalization can reduce IPO underpricing, echoes similar findings in the literature. However, we document that the transmission channel is not consistent with a diversification...