We develop a parsimonious model of bubbles based on the assumption of imprecisely known market depth. In a speculative bubble, traders drive the price above its fundamental value in a dynamic way, driven by rational expectations about future price developments. At a previously unknown date, the...

We study the impact of income disaster-which can be triggered by various reasons such as pandemics and technological disruption-on Friedman's permanent income hypothesis. Although the hypothesis is still retained, our general equilibrium model offers two insights. First, with income disaster the...