This paper uses synthetically created variance swaps on VIX futures to quantify the variance risk premium in VIX options. The results of this methodology suggest that the average premium is -3.26%, meaning that the realized variance on VIX futures is on average less than the variance implied by...

We model a capital market in which some proportion of investors get utility from owning firms that undertake spending on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We also assume different categories of firms: those with good CSR fundamentals and those with poor CSR fundamentals. We develop an...