In modern equity markets, participants have a choice of many exchanges at which to trade. Exchanges typically operate as electronic limit order books operating under a “price-time” priority rule and, in turn, can be modeled as multi-class FIFO queueing systems. A market with multiple...

In a limit order market, orders submitted at about the same time are subject to random latencies and will be queued accordingly. A theoretical model captures the strategic behavior of market makers who, in anticipation of such queuing uncertainty, fiercely compete for the rent in liquidity...