In the U.S. real estate market, around 30 percent of listed properties remain unsold. We examine whether unsold property listings exert externalities in the housing market. Our study builds on a comprehensive dataset that encompasses residential property listings in Orange County (California)...

We follow the seminal work of Paelinck (1978) who introduces spatial interdependence of, i.e. income, expenditure, investment, to classic Keynesian economic models, and estimate a spatial factor model. Asset prices may display characteristics of spatial dependence meaning spatial proximity can...

We analyze a recently proposed spatial autoregressive model for stock returns and compare it to a one-factor model and the sample covariance matrix. The influence of refinements to these covariance estimation methods is studied. We employ power mapping as a noise reduction technique for the...

Strengthening competition in the equity markets has long been a major public policy objective. This paper turns to another important determinant of market quality, one that has received relatively little attention in the public policy debates: order integration — the way in which orders are...