Electronic shelf label (ESL) is an emerging price display technology around the world. While these new technologies … in material, labor and managerial costs. The presumed benefits of ESL, for example, tend to be focused around lower price … adjustment costs (PAC), also known as menu costs. However, ESL not only can save PAC but may also enable the retailer to price …

We study the price rigidity of regular and sale prices, and how it is affected by pricing formats (i.e., pricing … strategies). We use data from three large Canadian stores with different pricing formats (Every-Day-Low-Price, Hi-Lo, and Hybrid … regular prices as displayed on the store shelves. We combine these data with two "generated" regular price series (filtered …

combine these data with two “generated” regular price series and study their rigidity. Regular-price rigidity varies with … store-formats because different format stores define regular-prices differently. Correspondingly, the meaning of price …

noticing higher prices if they are 9-ending, or noticing price-increases if the new prices are 9-ending, because 9-endings are … used as a signal for low prices. Price setters respond strategically to the consumer-heuristic by setting 9-ending prices … more often after price-increases than after price-decreases. 9-ending prices, therefore, remain 9-ending more often after …

of price adjustment, informational frictions, etc. - are an important factor for nominal price rigidity at the micro … consistent with New Keynesian macroeconomic models in which firms have heterogeneous price stickiness …

In this paper, we study a new channel to explain firms' price setting behavior. We propose that uncertainty about … deviation increase in oil price volatility leads to a 0.38 percent increase in the markup of firms with average oil exposure. …