Financial instruments in levels 2 and 3 for accounting purposes are complex and opaque products and their evaluation is problematic. The amount of these assets held by banks in Europe is exceptionally high (€3 trillion in 2019) and there is no empirical evidence as to the extent, if at all, to...

Central banks have run during the crisis a wide set of monetary policy interventions using new instruments and techniques to restore the monetary stability and thus re-establish the stability of financial (and banking) systems. We analyze the effect of monetary policy interventions on stock...

We analyze stock price reactions to the announcements of monetary and fiscal policy actions in twelve stock exchanges worldwide. While previous studies analyzed the effect of policy interventions focusing on monetary policy (e.g. Ricci, 2015) or concentrated on a specific type of companies (e.g....

Central bank informal communications became more frequent and acquired more mass media attention after the global financial crisis. Do investors react to the content (e.g., future expansionary or restrictive policy) of informal central bank communications? And especially, do investors have a...

This paper investigates the impact of banks’ environmental engagement on their future stock price crash risk. Given the strong commitment of European institutions towards a low carbon economy, we focus on European banks, who are expected to be crucial actors in driving this challenge. Using a...