Risk-averse expected utility maximization implies that the pricing kernel must be a non-increasing function of aggregate wealth. However, empirical research has found that the pricing kernel frequently displays a locally increasing portion in aggregate wealth. This is known as the pricing kernel...

Several exchanges in futures and options deploy pro-rata matching. The executed size of limit orders in pro-rata markets is never certain, unlike in price-time priority matching systems. This article derives the optimal size of limit orders in pro-rata markets given the trader's desired...