This study set out to investigate whether it is possible to simultaneously achieve internal and external economic stability objectives and to examine the impact of economic stability on economic growth. A model of simultaneous relation was formulated and identified. Data covering 1970 –...

This paper studies the global imbalances that occurred in the first years of the twenty-first century. The analysis encompasses the two biggest countries in the world: the U.S.A. and China. Many authors defend the assertion that the relationship between the current accounts of these two...

This paper contributes to the existing literature on exchange rate modelling by developing a new proxy for foreign exchange market imbalances. By utilizing the monetary presentation of the Balance of Payments we create a measure of net external flows and study its impact on the exchange rate....

This paper explores the impact of international trade and financial networks on current account balances in a large sample of developing and developed countries. The financial and trade inter-country networks centrality measures are computed based on the structure and volume of trade flows and...

The assessment of external positions and exchange rates is a key mandate of the IMF. This paperpresents the updated External Balance Assessment (EBA) framework-a key input in the conduct ofmultilaterally-consistent external sector assessments of 49 advanced and emerging marketeconomies-following...

Governments have a number of policy tools that can be used to address pressure on the balance of payments. When market pressure leads to an unsustainable decline in the relative value of the domestic currency, authorities can: (1) sell reserves, (2) raise interest rates, (3) impose capital...

Uncertainty about the export earnings accruing to a country (sometimes referred to as export instability) is an important source of macroeconomic uncertainty in many developing countries. Theory predicts that countries should react to increases in this form of uncertainty by increasing their...

We explain how the external counterpart of the euro area M3 can be analysed by using the euro area balance of payments (b.o.p.). This is possible because the net external assets of the monetary financial institutions (MFIs) are present in two statistical frameworks that follow similar...

This paper presents a taxonomy of major macro-economic determinants of Australia's current account deficit during the operation of the crawling and floating exchange rate regimes during the decade 1977-1986. The econometric analysis of the impacts of external and internal shocks provide...