Pawnbroking, one of the oldest and most accessible forms of credit, was a common feature of life in pre-famine and famine Ireland. This paper studies the role of pawnbroking in the Irish financial system during this important period, applying insights from modern studies on fringe banking to...

Food banks play a critical part in the food distribution system. In this paper, we examine the impact of food bank donations on retailer markups using a unique store-level data set on donations, labor employment, sales, and capital employment. We frame our empirical model of food bank donations...