Since 1988, cash holding of UK listed companies increased from 10.6 to 16.4%. Focusing on the short-term view of cash holding and its substitutes, trade credit and short-term bank finance, the study develops a panel vector autoregression that accounts for firm-specific liquidity needs based on...

We provide a comprehensive review of firms’ financing channels (internal and external, domestic and international) around the globe, with the focus on alternative finance—financing from all the non-market, non-bank external sources. We argue that while traditional financing channels,...